Socket bayonets Įarly 19th-century offset spiked socket bayonet They were issued to part of an English dragoon regiment raised in 1672, and to the Royal Fusiliers when raised in 1685. However, it was not until 1671 that General Jean Martinet standardized and issued plug bayonets to the French regiment of fusiliers then raised. He described the French using crude 1-foot (0.30 m) plug bayonets during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). The first known mention of the use of bayonets in European warfare was in the memoirs of Jacques de Chastenet, Vicomte de Puységur. This naturally prevented the gun from being fired. The bayonet had a round handle that slid directly into the musket barrel. This allowed light infantry to be converted to heavy infantry and hold off cavalry charges. Įarly bayonets were of the "plug" type, where the bayonet was fitted directly into the barrel of the musket. It was labelled as a "gun-blade" (traditional Chinese: 銃刀 simplified Chinese: 铳刀) with it being described as a "short sword that can be inserted into the barrel and secured by twisting it slightly" that it is to be used "when the battle have depleted both gunpowder and bullets as well as fighting against bandits, when forces are closing into melee or encountering an ambush" and if one "cannot load the gun within the time it takes to cover two bu (3.2 meters) of ground they are to attach the bayonet and hold it like a spear". It was in the form of the Son-and-mother gun, a breech-loading musket that was issued with a roughly 57.6 cm (22.7 in) long plug bayonet, giving it an overall length of 1.92 m (6 ft 4 in) with the bayonet attached. (Feb.The first recorded instance of a bayonet proper is found in the Chinese military treatise Binglu published in 1606. (1750) 80,000 people English = 1.5 millionīy offering Europeans goods to Indians in return for furs and didn't invade as many Native lands = won Native American alliesĬould mobilize for action w/out any worry about rebellious colonial assemblies or ethnic / religious diversity (1665 - 1690) population of New France grew from about 4,000 to 15,000īy establishing settlements in Canada / Louisiana it gained the huge advantage of access to the rivers in the heart of the North American continent Gov't provided tools / livestock for farmers and nets for fishermen (1663) King Louis XIV changed New France into a royal colony and dispatched new settlers / women Huguenots and foreigners of any religion weren't allowed to populate the country so New France was limited to a population of French Catholics Served as mediators among the rival Great Lakes tribes which gave them much more influence among the Indians than the English had Typically established fur-trading outposts rather than farms Only 40,000 French came to the New World in 17th / 18th centuries = forced to develop cooperative relationships with the Indians National debt doubled during war cost of maintaining the North American empire / permanent stationing of British soldiers in the colonies Spain received the Louisiana Territory in compensation for the loss of Floridaįew French settlers left Louisiana after 1763 French gov't encouraged settlers to work with their new Spanish governors to create a Catholic block against English expansionīritish power reigned supreme over North America east of the Mississippi River 1763) Treaty of Paris: Britain took all of France's North American possessions east of the Mississippi River: all of Canada and Spanish-Florida
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Victory at Quebec was the most decisive as it was the gateway to Canada (1759) war reached climax with many British triumphs on land and at sea around the world (May 1756) England and France formally declare war on each other (July 9, 1755) Braddock's defeat caused Indians allied with French started assaulting frontier farms throughout western PA newly arrived French troops assaulted British garrisons (July 3, 1754) British defeat at Fort Necessity leave the French in control of the Ohio Country (1754) Washington led 150 inexperienced volunteers and Iroquois allies to build a fort found out the French had moved there and made Fort Dunquesne Washington gave the note to the French commander but the commander refused to leave, so G.W. was sent to warn the French to leave Fort Le Boeuf Started by claims over the ancestral Indian lands in the Ohio River Valley / "Ohio Country" (1754-1763) in America French and Indian War